Contents
- General symptoms of diabetes
- Symptoms of type 1 diabetes
- symptoms of type 2 diabetes
- symptoms of diabetes in men
- symptoms of diabetes in women
- symptoms that require a doctor's visit
- video causes of diabetes
- references
General symptoms of diabetes
Symptoms of diabetes, prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, diabetes, or diabetes mellitus include the following:
frequent urination
Polyuria is one of the symptoms that accompanies diabetes, a condition in which a person urinates more and more times than usual, so that he may feel the need to urinate frequently and suddenly, especially during the night,[1] and it may even occur Cases of involuntary urination in children,[2] In this context, it is indicated that the amount of urine that is excreted outside the body of a diabetic patient may reach more than 3 liters of urine per day, compared to a healthy person whose amount of urine excreted is about a liter. One to two liters of urine per day, and this is due to the kidneys trying to get rid of excess sugar in the blood by getting rid of larger amounts of water to maintain balance, which leads to an increased need to urinate,[1] and this may result in a low level of moisture In the body, and therefore the patient may suffer from dehydration, a feeling of dryness in the mouth, and dry skin can cause itching.[3]
- thirsty
Polydipsia is one of the primary symptoms of diabetes mellitus. Regardless of its type, both types of diabetes cause a rise in the level of glucose in the blood, and this rise may indirectly affect the fluid balance in the body. To send nerve signals to the brain to replace lost fluids, so that a response occurs from the brain as a natural response to dehydration, stimulating the need to drink water in the injured.[4][5]
extreme hunger
In fact, severe hunger or what is known as bulimia (in English: Polyphagia), is one of the most common symptoms of diabetes, and there are many reasons that may lead to extreme hunger associated with diabetes, the most prominent of which can be stated as follows: [6]
Hyperglycemia: Symptoms of extreme hunger often appear in a diabetic patient when the blood sugar level rises to more than 250 mg/dL, and the longer the blood sugar remains at this value, the greater the patient’s desire to eat, and this may be due to the body’s dependence on Glucose in energy production, in the absence of sufficient amounts of insulin (English: Insulin) to transport glucose to the brain and all other cells of the body, this stimulates the brain to generate a feeling of hunger, and the successive stages continue to occur; Eating more food causes high blood sugar, and this in itself stimulates the body's craving for sugar.
Hypoglycemia: A person may feel craving for sugar when the blood sugar level drops below 80-70 mg/dL, and symptoms of sudden hunger may begin to appear when blood sugar drops rapidly, but with a blood sugar reading of 90 or 100 mg/dL. Depending on how quickly your blood sugar level drops, these cravings for food and sugar can persist.
very tired
As mentioned previously, insulin works to transfer glucose into cells in order to produce the energy needed for vital processes in the body, and it is worth noting that if the body is unable to produce enough insulin, or if a person suffers from insulin resistance (in English: Insulin). resistance), glucose will not be able to reach inside the cells, which means that the cells lose their ability to produce energy, and therefore the patient will suffer in general from feeling tired and exhausted (in English: Fatigue) and malaise more than usual, [3][7] and this often affects In fact, fatigue from diabetes can be linked to many other factors, including; Dehydration caused by frequent urination and kidney damage (English: Kidney damage).[8]
blurred eyes
In fact, the high level of blood sugar leads to the accumulation of sugar in the lens of the eye, which causes more water to be drawn and accumulated in the eye, and due to this, the diabetic patient may suffer from blurring and blurred vision in what is known as blurred vision, which causes this Loss of visual acuity and the inability to see fine details, and therefore changes in vision, or in the prescription of eyeglasses may be a sign of diabetes. [1][8]
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes
There are many symptoms that can be observed when having type 1 diabetes compared to other types, which include the following:
Unexplained weight loss
The cells’ failure to obtain the necessary energy through food may lead the body to use fat and muscle to obtain energy as an alternative to compensate for its need, which may cause weight loss even if there is no change in the diet, and frequent urination may also cause weight loss, due to the loss of weight. The body excretes many calories through urine.[3][9]
ketoacidosis
A severe decrease in the level of insulin in the bloodstream may lead to a high level of sugar in the blood, and this may result in the emergence of many serious complications, [10] which include an increase in the levels of blood acids known as ketones, in what is known as Scientifically, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and in fact, this condition is a life-threatening condition, [11] and sometimes, diabetic ketoacidosis can be a first sign of a person with diabetes, [10] It occurs more commonly among patients with type 1 diabetes compared to cases of type 2 diabetes, [12] and it is worth noting that the initial symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis include the following: [13][10] suffering from abdominal pain, especially in children . Feeling nauseous, vomiting. Breath smelling like fruit or nail polish remover. feeling tired and weak Increasing the rate of breathing and changing its nature to become deep, as the body tries to correct the acidity of the blood. Excessive thirst, excessive urination. confusion Seizures. Coma and death if the condition remains untreated.
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes
There are many symptoms that can be observed when having type 2 diabetes compared to other types, which include the following:
recurrent infections
When the level of sugar in the blood rises, it is difficult for the kidneys to filter it completely, and thus the sugar is passed into the urine, and therefore a moist and warm environment helps microorganisms to grow, which exposes patients, especially women, to urinary tract infections (English: Urinary tract infections), and yeast infections. Yeast infections, as yeast infections tend to develop in warm and moist areas of the skin, such as: the genitals, armpits, and the mouth. There are many symptoms that may appear as a result of this infection; They include: feeling pain in the affected area, itching, burning, and redness.[8][14]
Appearance of dark spots on the skin
In fact, the appearance of dark spots on skin folds may be associated with; Such as: the groin, armpit, or neck, with an increased risk of diabetes, and this condition is medically known as Acanthosis nigricans, and the affected skin is often smooth and velvety.[14]
Tingling and numbness of the extremities
High blood sugar level in cases of type 2 diabetes can affect the circulatory system, and this may cause damage to nerves in different parts of the body, and this condition is known as neuropathy, and symptoms range from pain, or numbness Hands and feet are numb or numb, and it is worth noting that not getting proper treatment and persistently high blood sugar levels can cause more serious complications and symptoms can worsen over time.[14]
delayed wound healing
Diabetes can prevent enough oxygen from reaching the tissues; Which leads to slow wound healing, in addition, the high level of blood sugar may damage the nerves and lead to damage as indicated earlier, and thus the patient’s ability to feel pain decreases in the event of exposure to wounds, and with the loss of pain sensation, the patient may not feel the occurrence of Changes that may occur in wounds, or the development of blisters, or infection, which may lead to serious complications, and it is worth noting that diabetics are more prone to dry and cracked skin, foot deformities, toenail inflammation, and lack of sweating, which increases the risk of infection Bacterial.
Symptoms of diabetes for men
In fact, there are many symptoms that men may experience in particular that may be related to diabetes, and often related to sexual health, including: retrograde ejaculation and erectile dysfunction, which may It occurs earlier among men with diabetes compared to those without it, and men may also suffer from low testosterone, which may cause the emergence of other symptoms; Such as: low muscle mass, depression, low energy, and weak sexual desire. [15]
Symptoms of diabetes for women
Women with diabetes, in particular, may suffer from the emergence of many symptoms and signs, due to the increased risk of infection with vaginal yeast fungi, which is also referred to as vaginal candidiasis, and the symptoms are pain, discomfort, and itching in the vagina. , and increased vaginal secretions, in addition to feeling uncomfortable during sexual intercourse. It is worth noting that nerve damage or blood flow problems caused by diabetes may cause other symptoms to appear; Such as: vaginal dryness or irritation, sexual apathy, decreased sensation, and problems reaching orgasm.[15]
Symptoms that require a doctor's visit
People should see a doctor immediately if any of the following symptoms or conditions appear: [16] Urinating more frequently than usual, especially at night. feeling very tired delayed wound healing Suffering from itching around the penis or vagina, or having repeated bouts of candidiasis, also known as vaginal thrush. Feeling very thirsty. Weight loss, loss of muscle mass. Blurring of the eyes. Concern about the possibility of developing diabetes in the future, due to the presence of risk factors for the disease. Observing the appearance of symptoms of diabetes, or suspecting that a person or a family member has diabetes, as the earlier the condition is diagnosed, the earlier treatment is started; Thus, reducing the risks that may result from delaying treatment,[17] in general, continuous medical follow-up will be required until blood sugar levels stabilize when diabetes is diagnosed.[17]
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